Test Terms for 2008 Book (Cinema 1 / Exam #1)
You will need to bring a Scantron (#882) Form to class (for sale in the LACC Bookstore) and a #2 pencil. This is NOT an open book test, but use of an English/Foreign Language Dictionary is allowed.
Chapter 1: Introduction to Film & Video Systems
- Film vs. Video issues:
- 24/30 frames per second
- Contrast Ratio
- Acquisition (camera) Format
- Postproduction (edit) Format
- Telecine/Scan
- Single vs. Multi-camera
- Resolution: (p.10)
- Standard Definition (720 X 480)
- High Definition 2K (1920 X 1080)
- Film & 4K (4000 X 3000)
- Three Stages of Filmmaking (p.2)
- Intermittent Movement (p.45)
- Shutter/Claw/Aperture (p.45)
- Film Formats`(p.45-53)
- [S-8mm,16 & Super16mm, 35mm, IMAX]
- 4 & 3 Perf (holes per frame) (pp. 51 & 270)
- Negative / Reversal (Positive) Film (p.48)
- Speed (fast/slow) = sensitivity to light (pp.149 & 233 & 259)
- Aspect Ratios: (pp. 47 & 87-88)
- [1.33:1] 4:3 Academy
- [1.66:1] European & Super 16mm
- [1.78:1] 16:9 U.S. Digital TV & HDTV
- [1.85:1] U.S. Wide Screen Movies
- [2.35:1] Scope
- Anamorphic (scope/flat)(pp. 52 & 87-88 & 91)
- Widescreen Video (pp. 88-91 & 94):
- Horizontal Stretch/ Squeeze
- Letterbox /Side Bar
- Blow Up/ Edge Crop
- Single/ Double System Sound (pp. 22)
- Lip/Crystal Sync & Wild Sound (pp. 53-54)
- ADR or Looping (p.80)
- Foley (sync) (pp. 634-5)
- SFX (non-sync sound effects)
- Dailies or Rushes (p. 56)
- Video out, Film out, D.I.
- HDTV (High Definition TV) (pp. 9-20)
- Lines: 1080 (HD) 720 (HD), 480 (SD)
- Scan: Interlace & Progressive
- Frames (Per Second): 24, 30, and 60
- Aspect Ratio: 16:9 or 4:3
- Codec (p. 20)
- Mbps (Megabits per second)
- Component/Composite/RGB (p.17)
- CCD & CMOS (single vs. 3 chip) (pp. 5 & 136)
- Pixels (picture elements) (p. 5)
- NTSC (U.S. TV standard – analog)
- PAL (Eurasia TV Standard) (p.5)
- Analog Video (VHS, Hi-8) (p.8)
- Digital Video (Mini-DV, HDV, etc.)
- FireWireª (i-Linkª) (p.24)
- Prosumer/Professional/Broadcast (p. 24)
- Digital Standard Definition (pp. 25-27)
- Digital High Definition: (pp. 28-33)
- HDV (tape)
- DVCProHD (Panasonic)
- HDCam (Sony)
- AVCHD (Advanced Video Codec)
- Digital Cinematography: (pp. 33-34)
- Panavisionª, Dalsaª, Arriª, Grass Valleyª
- Recording Media (pp. 35-37):
- Tape, DVD /Disks, HDD, Flash Memory
Chapter 2: Before You Begin Production
- Capture/Postproduction/Distribution (p.59)
- Video Tap (Video Assist) (pp.70, 247)
- DTV (Digital Television) ATSC (pp. 63-66)
- Camera Capture Speed: (pp. 70-1 & 357-60)
- Slow Motion – Overcranking
- Fast Motion – Undercranking
- Time Lapse – Intervalometer
- Blurring/Strobing (judder) (p. 361)
Chapter 3: The Video Camcorder
- Elements of the camcorder (p.110)
- White Balance (p.113-117)
- Preset for 3200ºK (indoor)
- Viewfinder Zebra, Focus (p.112)
- Focus & Exposure (p. 118-120)
- Backlight Compensation (p.119)
- Gain or Sensitivity (p. 134)
- Video Shutter (pp.135-136)
- (Lecture only): 16 x 9, SP Tape Speed, Dew, 16-bit audio, Image Stabilization
- Head Drum / Tape (p. 122)
- Batteries: (p. 131)
- Nickel-Cadmium Battery [NiCad]
- Nickel-Metal Hydride [HiMH]
- Lithium-Ion [Li Ion]
- SMPTE Time Code (p. 22)
Chapter 4: The Lens
- Lens Elements/Barrel (p.141)
- Focal Plane (sensor or film) (p.141)
- Prime Lenses (p.141)
- Zoom Lenses (p.141)
- Optical/Digital Zoom (p.160)
- Focusing a Zoom Lens (p. 157)
- Focal Lengths (p.141, 145):
- Short Focal Length [wide angle]
- Medium Focal Length [normal]
- Long Focal Length [telephoto]
- Zoom vs. Dolly (pp. 144) Perspective
- Speed:
- Fast Lens/Slow Lens (p. 149)
- Iris Diaphragm (p.150)
- F–Stop Series: (p.150)
- [1, 1.4, 2, 2.8. 4. 5.6, 8, 11, 16, 22, 32]
- Stopping Down/Up (p.150)
- T-Stop (p.150)
- Depth of Field: (p.151)
- 3 Factors for Depth of Field (p.154)
- Hyperfocal Distance (pp. 158-159)
- Where to Focus? (p.155)
- Pulling Focus (p.156)
- Prime Lenses for Special Use (pp.163-4)
- Close-Up/Split Field Diopters (pp.165-7)
- Lens Quality: (pp. 167-171)
- Vignetting, Chromatic, Sharpness, Flare
- Depth of Focus/Back Focus (pp.173-176)
- Lens Care (p.176)
Chapter 7: The Film Image
- Raw stock (p. 254)
- Emulsion/ Base (pp. 254-256)
- Negative/Positive Process (pp. 255-256)
- Characteristic Curve (pp. 256-259)
- Gamma (p. 260)
- Primaries: Red, Green, Blue (p. 258)
- Film Speed: (pp. 259-260)
- Exposure Index (E.I.), ASA, ISO
- Contrast (p.260)
- Lab Processes (p.262-264)
- Pushing, Pulling, Flashing, Bleach Bypass
- Graininess (faster stock) (p.265)
- Kodak Look Managerª (p.266)
- Tungsten vs. Daylight Balance (p.268)
- Kodakª Identification: (pp.269-270):
- Latent Edge Numbers (pp. 271-272)
- Kodak KeyKodesª & Fujiª MR Codes
- Handling Film Stock (pp. 273-274)
- Exposure: (pp. 275-276) Over & Under
- Light Meters: (pp. 276-279)
- Direct / Indirect Reading (p. 279)
- Incident Light (point at camera) (p. 276)
- Spot Meter (p.283)
- Flat Disk Diffuser (p. 283)
- Reading the Meter (pp. 280-281)
- Subject Reflectance (brightness) (p.277)
- Shutter: (p. 280)
- 180 degree shutter (p.233 in Chap. 6)
- Exposure = Intensity x Time (p.233)
- 1/48 second = 1/24 x 1/2
- T-stops used not F-stops (p. 281)
- Filter Factor (p. 300)
- Backlight/Special Exposures (pp. 286-8)
- Footcandles (p. 289)
- Exposure Range & Error (pp. 290-291)
- ƒ/stops: negative (9-10) reversal (5-6)
- Exposure Control [four ways] (pp. 291-2)
Chapter 8: Color & Filters
- Additive & Subtractive Primaries (p. 292)
- Color Temperature: (pp. 297-299)
- Kelvin Temperature Scale
- Warm Light Source [3200 K tungsten]
- Cold Light Source [5600 K daylight]
- Conversion Filters: (p. 301)
- [85 – orange] tungsten for daylight
- [80 – blue] daylight for tungsten
- Matte Boxes/Lens Shade (p. 307)
- Other Filters (pp.301-306):
- UV/1A
- Neutral Density
- Graduated
- Polarizing
- Diffusion
- Low Contrast
- Fog/Star
- Software
There will be a total of 50 questions in the format of Multiple Choice and True/False.
There will also be extra credit questions on the videos that have been shown in class.